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Holding a 1-0 lead, Tigers starting pitcher Tarik Skubal was in a jam in the bottom of the fifth inning. He had runners on the corners, and no outs, with Eddie Rosario at the plate. Rosario hit a one-hopper back to Skubal, and Skubal had a fraction of a second to decide whether to throw to second and start a double play, which would allow the runner (Jake Cave) to score. Or he could throw home, almost assuredly Cave out, but only get one out. He chose the former, and the game was tied.
Immediately Twins broadcasters Dick Bremer and Justin Morneau debated the choice Skubal had made, wondering if he would do the same thing if offered it a second time. On the one hand, the chances for a big inning had been short-circuited, and indeed the inning ended in a tie, and the Tigers regained the lead in the next half-inning. On the other hand, the lead was blown, and the Tigers offense had not gotten a hit, let alone score runs, against Twins starting pitcher Kenta Maeda after he gave up a leadoff home run to the first batter of the game. Actual runs were at a premium.
Even after the play, the right answer for Skubal is not obvious, either to traditionalists or (as we’ll find out) to sabermetricians. But sabermetricians attack it in two parts: one strategic and one practical. The strategic is probably the more controversial.
Strategically, the fact that this is the tying run is not particularly important since it is only the fifth inning. The choice should be to minimize the expected number of runs scored because there is a lot of game left. Indeed, five more runs were scored after this play. Late in the game, the actual run might mean more, but in the middle of the game, the actual run is not as important as improving your situation as much as possible.
Which gets us to the second half of the question: is it preferable to have runners on first and second base with one out or have the bases empty with two outs but a run already on the board? To know that, sabermetricians refer to a Run Expectancy (RE) Matrix. It was developed by authors John Thorn and Peter Palmer in The Hidden Game of Baseball, which was published in 1984. It proved to be one of the foundations on which sabermetrics was built.
They loaded decades of baseball games into a computer and crunched basic numbers, including the average runs scored in an inning after a specific situation. There are only 24 situations in an inning. Here they are, along with the average runs scored after that situation in 2019.
Highlighted in blue is the jam where Skubal found himself. Highlighted in red is where things sat after the double play. So the RE dropped from 1.79 to .11 EXCEPT he also gave up a run. So really, it went from 1.79 to 1.11. His actions saved his team .68 runs.
But what if he went home? That depends on how the rundown goes. If both runners stay at first and second, that’s the best possible outcome: a RE of 1.00. If the rundown drags on and they each advance a base, that’s the worst possible outcome: RE of 1.43.
Our analysis shows a couple of things. First, almost any decision Skubal made was defensible. He was handed a gift, and he did a solid job, and making a slightly better decision would have only gained him another tenth of a run.
It also shows that the answer really is not obvious from any standpoint, even after the play. The default sabrmetric answer defensively is usually “take the outs” but in this case, he might have helped himself more by going home, provided the Tigers were efficient in getting Cave out before the runners advanced. Traditionalists who value the lead, especially those used to watching baseball in decades where runs were more valuable, probably agree.
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